26-Hydroxycholesterol is a lipid of Sterol Lipids (ST) class. 26-hydroxycholesterol is associated with abnormalities such as Cardiovascular Diseases, Vascular Diseases, Metabolic syndrome, Obesity and Fatty Streak, Arterial. The involved functions are known as Oxidation, phospholipase activity, glucose metabolism, Binding (Molecular Function) and Regulation. 26-hydroxycholesterol often locates in Immune system, Body tissue, Extracellular, Protoplasm and Back. The associated genes with 26-Hydroxycholesterol are Homologous Gene, chylomicron remnant, Receptor Gene, Alleles and D3 compound. The related lipids are 27-hydroxycholesterol, Hydroxycholesterols, Lysophosphatidylcholines, Total cholesterol and Lipopolysaccharides. The related experimental models are Knock-out and Transgenic Model.
To understand associated biological information of 26-Hydroxycholesterol, we collected biological information of abnormalities, associated pathways, cellular/molecular locations, biological functions, related genes/proteins, lipids and common seen animal/experimental models with organized paragraphs from literatures.
26-Hydroxycholesterol is suspected in hypercholesterolemia, Obesity, Atherosclerosis, Metabolic syndrome, Neurodegenerative Disorders, Dyslipidemias and other diseases in descending order of the highest number of associated sentences.
| Disease | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literature |
|---|
We collected disease MeSH terms mapped to the references associated with 26-Hydroxycholesterol
| MeSH term | MeSH ID | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | D007249 | 119 associated lipids |
| Hypercholesterolemia | D006937 | 91 associated lipids |
| Alzheimer Disease | D000544 | 76 associated lipids |
| Alcoholism | D000437 | 27 associated lipids |
| Niemann-Pick Diseases | D009542 | 25 associated lipids |
| Plaque, Amyloid | D058225 | 19 associated lipids |
| Xanthomatosis, Cerebrotendinous | D019294 | 14 associated lipids |
There are no associated biomedical information in the current reference collection.
Associated locations are in red color. Not associated locations are in black.
| Location | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Function | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Lipid concept | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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| Gene | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
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Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Cholesterol and breast cancer pathophysiology.' (Nelson ER et al., 2014) and Transgenic Model are used in the study 'Obesity, cholesterol metabolism, and breast cancer pathogenesis.' (McDonnell DP et al., 2014).
Knock-out are used in the study 'The cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol promotes atherosclerosis via proinflammatory processes mediated by estrogen receptor alpha.' (Umetani M et al., 2014).
| Model | Cross reference | Weighted score | Related literatures |
|---|
| Authors | Title | Published | Journal | PubMed Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fu X et al. | 27-hydroxycholesterol is an endogenous ligand for liver X receptor in cholesterol-loaded cells. | 2001 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:11504730 |
| Lange Y et al. | Effectors of rapid homeostatic responses of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. | 2008 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:18024962 |
| Szedlacsek SE et al. | Esterification of oxysterols by human plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. | 1995 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:7744831 |
| Bodin K et al. | Antiepileptic drugs increase plasma levels of 4beta-hydroxycholesterol in humans: evidence for involvement of cytochrome p450 3A4. | 2001 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:11514559 |
| Meir K et al. | Human sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27) overexpressor transgenic mouse model. Evidence against 27-hydroxycholesterol as a critical regulator of cholesterol homeostasis. | 2002 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12119285 |
| Norlin M et al. | Oxysterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity by cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A). | 2000 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:10882719 |
| Pandak WM et al. | Transport of cholesterol into mitochondria is rate-limiting for bile acid synthesis via the alternative pathway in primary rat hepatocytes. | 2002 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12368294 |
| Li-Hawkins J et al. | Expression cloning of an oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase selective for 24-hydroxycholesterol. | 2000 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:10748047 |
| Javitt NB et al. | 26-Hydroxycholesterol. Identification and quantitation in human serum. | 1981 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:7309726 |
| Axelson M and Larsson O | Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is converted to 27-hydroxycholesterol in human fibroblasts. Evidence that 27-hydroxycholesterol can be an important intracellular mediator between LDL and the suppression of cholesterol production. | 1995 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:7797494 |
| Escher G et al. | Expression of sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) enhances cholesterol efflux. | 2003 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:12531903 |
| Bowden KL et al. | Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency impairs regulation of ABCA1 gene and formation of high density lipoproteins in cholesteryl ester storage disease. | 2011 | J. Biol. Chem. | pmid:21757691 |
| Rojo L et al. | Roles of cholesterol and lipids in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. | 2006 | J. Biomed. Biotechnol. | pmid:17047312 |
| Ehrhardt M et al. | Expression of human CYP27A1 in B. megaterium for the efficient hydroxylation of cholesterol, vitamin D3 and 7-dehydrocholesterol. | 2016 | J. Biotechnol. | pmid:26638999 |
| Karuna R et al. | Dopant assisted-atmospheric pressure photoionization (DA-APPI) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the quantification of 27-hydroxycholesterol in plasma. | 2009 | J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. | pmid:19121981 |
| Jabara S et al. | Stromal cells of the human postmenopausal ovary display a distinctive biochemical and molecular phenotype. | 2003 | J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. | pmid:12519894 |
| Zhang JR et al. | Niemann-Pick C1 protects against atherosclerosis in mice via regulation of macrophage intracellular cholesterol trafficking. | 2008 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:18483620 |
| Oguro H et al. | 27-Hydroxycholesterol induces hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and extramedullary hematopoiesis during pregnancy. | 2017 | J. Clin. Invest. | pmid:28783041 |
| Ismail MA et al. | 27-Hydroxycholesterol impairs neuronal glucose uptake through an IRAP/GLUT4 system dysregulation. | 2017 | J. Exp. Med. | pmid:28213512 |
| Hendrikx T et al. | Hematopoietic overexpression of Cyp27a1 reduces hepatic inflammation independently of 27-hydroxycholesterol levels in Ldlr(-/-) mice. | 2015 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:25281859 |
| Strömsten A et al. | Studies on the mechanism of accumulation of cholesterol in the gallbladder mucosa. Evidence that sterol 27-hydroxylase is not a pathogenetic factor. | 2004 | J. Hepatol. | pmid:14672608 |
| Mignarri A et al. | Evaluation of cholesterol metabolism in cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. | 2016 | J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. | pmid:26153518 |
| Björkhem I | Crossing the barrier: oxysterols as cholesterol transporters and metabolic modulators in the brain. | 2006 | J. Intern. Med. | pmid:17116000 |
| Hansson M et al. | Unique patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Evidence for presence of a defect in a gene that is not identical to sterol 27-hydroxylase. | 2007 | J. Intern. Med. | pmid:17444890 |
| Duane WC and Javitt NB | Conversion of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol to bile acid in human subjects: is there an alternate pathway favoring cholic acid synthesis? | 2002 | J. Lab. Clin. Med. | pmid:11919549 |
| Wu Z et al. | Structure and functions of human oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase cDNAs and gene CYP7B1. | 1999 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:10588945 |
| Babiker A et al. | Elimination of cholesterol as cholestenoic acid in human lung by sterol 27-hydroxylase: evidence that most of this steroid in the circulation is of pulmonary origin. | 1999 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:10428977 |
| Honda A et al. | Differences in hepatic levels of intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis between Cyp27(-/-) mice and CTX. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11181760 |
| Ali Z et al. | On the regulatory role of side-chain hydroxylated oxysterols in the brain. Lessons from CYP27A1 transgenic and Cyp27a1(-/-) mice. | 2013 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:23284090 |
| Norlin M et al. | 24-hydroxycholesterol is a substrate for hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A). | 2000 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11013305 |
| Winegar DA et al. | Effects of cyclosporin on cholesterol 27-hydroxylation and LDL receptor activity in HepG2 cells. | 1996 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:8820113 |
| Meaney S et al. | Novel route for elimination of brain oxysterols across the blood-brain barrier: conversion into 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid. | 2007 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:17251592 |
| Honda A et al. | Cholesterol 25-hydroxylation activity of CYP3A. | 2011 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:21576599 |
| Heverin M et al. | Crossing the barrier: net flux of 27-hydroxycholesterol into the human brain. | 2005 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:15741649 |
| Esterman AL et al. | Cholesterol metabolism: use of D2O for determination of synthesis rate in cell culture. | 1985 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:2995527 |
| Björkhem I et al. | Oxysterols in the circulation of patients with the Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: abnormal levels of 24S- and 27-hydroxycholesterol. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11254748 |
| Hong C et al. | Constitutive activation of LXR in macrophages regulates metabolic and inflammatory gene expression: identification of ARL7 as a direct target. | 2011 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:21187453 |
| Li T et al. | PXR induces CYP27A1 and regulates cholesterol metabolism in the intestine. | 2007 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:17088262 |
| Axelson M et al. | Structural specificity in the suppression of HMG-CoA reductase in human fibroblasts by intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis. | 1995 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:7751816 |
| McDonald JG et al. | A comprehensive method for extraction and quantitative analysis of sterols and secosteroids from human plasma. | 2012 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:22517925 |
| Shafaati M et al. | Marked accumulation of 27-hydroxycholesterol in the brains of Alzheimer's patients with the Swedish APP 670/671 mutation. | 2011 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:21335619 |
| Shentu TP et al. | The role of oxysterols in control of endothelial stiffness. | 2012 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:22496390 |
| Meaney S et al. | Evidence that the major oxysterols in human circulation originate from distinct pools of cholesterol: a stable isotope study. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11160367 |
| Lange Y et al. | Regulation of fibroblast mitochondrial 27-hydroxycholesterol production by active plasma membrane cholesterol. | 2009 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:19401598 |
| Schüle R et al. | Marked accumulation of 27-hydroxycholesterol in SPG5 patients with hereditary spastic paresis. | 2010 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:19812052 |
| Del Puppo M et al. | Cholesterol metabolism in primary biliary cirrhosis during simvastatin and UDCA administration. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11254756 |
| Meaney S et al. | Serum cholestenoic acid as a potential marker of pulmonary cholesterol homeostasis: increased levels in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. | 2004 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:15466366 |
| Del Puppo M et al. | Serum 27-hydroxycholesterol in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis suggests alteration of cholesterol catabolism to bile acids via the acidic pathway. | 1998 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:9831637 |
| Duane WC and Javitt NB | 27-hydroxycholesterol: production rates in normal human subjects. | 1999 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:10393204 |
| Zhang Z et al. | Key regulatory oxysterols in liver: analysis as delta4-3-ketone derivatives by HPLC and response to physiological perturbations. | 2001 | J. Lipid Res. | pmid:11290837 |